The Building of a Nation: The Growth, Present Condition and Resources of the United States With a Forecast of the Future

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Junco, José Alvarez. "The nation-building process in nineteenth-century Spain." in Nationalism and the Nation in the Iberian Peninsula (Routledge, 2020) pp.89–106. A nation is a large type of social organization where a collective identity has emerged from a combination of shared features across a given population, such as language, history, ethnicity, culture, territory or society. Some nations are constructed around ethnicity (see ethnic nationalism) while others are bound by political constitutions (see civic nationalism and multiculturalism). [1] Smith, Anthony D. (1981). The Ethnic Revival in the Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521232678. Nation-states strictly enforce institutionalized criteria for naturalization, known as citizenship regimes. Citizenship regimes reflect specific understandings of who may be a legitimate member of the nation. Nation-states in which the core nation is conceived as a primordial ethno-cultural community tend to adopt citizen regimes based on a principle of jus sanguinis (“right of blood”), which allocates citizenship based on the individual’s organic ties (through family decent) to the national community and the homeland. In contrast, citizenship allocation based on a principle of jus soli (“right of the soil”) presupposes a civic-republican conception of the core nation, according to which national membership depends on acquiring, through socialization, loyalty to state institutions and acceptance of a shared political culture. Nationalization

Stephenson, Carolyn (January 2005). "Nation Building". Beyond Intractability . Retrieved 27 June 2018.

Which societies are best suited to nation-building efforts?

Anderson introduces an influential definition of nationalism that focuses on the constructed nature of nations, calling them “imagined communities.” He defines the nation as an imagined impersonal community, defined by its common history and perceived distinctiveness, that is believed to exercise the collective right to sovereign control over a given territory. Anthony D Smith defines nations as cultural-political communities that have become conscious of their autonomy, unity and particular interests. [5] It seemed to be from Sardar's remark that Nehru was probably skeptical about the success of the plan. Nor was the Sardar himself over-optimistic. For one thing, he was doubtful whether we could get the accession policy implemented in the few weeks before 15th August; but, as I suggested to Sardar, the very shortness of time might work to our advantage.' writes Menon in his book 'The Integration of Indian States'. During this period, Patel was also Deputy Prime Minister, Home Minister and Minister in charge of Information and Broadcasting. When Nehru travelled aborad, Patel also took charge as the Acting Prime Minister. He was also a member of the Constituent Assembly that had taken upon itself the monumental task of drafting a Constitution for the nation.

a b c Mylonas, Harris; Tudor, Maya (2021). "Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know". Annual Review of Political Science. 24 (1): 109–132. doi: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841. Wimmer, Andreas (2018). Nation Building. Princeton University Press. doi: 10.1515/9781400888894. ISBN 978-1-4008-8889-4. S2CID 240305736.In her book Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity, Liah Greenfeld argued that nationalism was invented in England by 1600. According to Greenfeld, England was “the first nation in the world". [29] [30] Social science [ edit ] Finally, the Raja acceded Travancore to the Union of India. V.P. Menon believes that this decision had a distinct impact on other rulers who were still undecided and wavering. I had never expected that I would see freedom for India in my lifetime. Since that had materialized, my life's ambition was achieved. Further I had been overworked and was feeling the strain. I had not taken a rest for many years' says Menon in his book 'The Integration of Indian States' in respect of the offer made to him by Sardar Patel to take up the Secretaryship of the States Ministry. He conveyed to Sardar that he had planned to retire from Government Service after 15th August 1947. Karloukovski, Vassil (1996). Srednovekovni gradovi i tvrdini vo Makedonija. Ivan Mikulčiḱ (Skopje, Makedonska civilizacija, 1996) Средновековни градови и тврдини во Македонија. Иван Микулчиќ (Скопје, Македонска цивилизација, 1996)[ Medieval cities and fortresses in Macedonia. Ivan Mikulcic (Skopje, Macedonian Civilization, 1996)] (in Macedonian). Kroraina.com. p.72. ISBN 978-9989756078. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020 . Retrieved 11 February 2015. R. Koopmans and P. Statham; "Challenging the liberal nation-state? Postnationalism, multiculturalism, and the collective claims making of migrants and ethnic minorities in Britain and Germany"; American Journal of Sociology 105:652–96 (1999)

The most prevalent types of exclusion do not involve the physical expulsion of minorities but rather their social, cultural, and political subordination to the dominant group. Minority groups are often excluded from core state institutions (particularly government), suffer from economic deprivation, and are underrepresented in the national media and the public sphere. In nondemocratic countries, the exclusion of minorities may take the form of direct suppression. In so-called “ethnic democracies” (democratic countries that are dominated by core ethno-national groups), individual rights are granted equally to all citizens, but institutional mechanisms maintain ethno-national boundaries, exclude minorities from the symbols and power-centres of the state, and systematically prioritize the interests of the dominant ethno-national group over the interests of minorities. In Israel, for example, Arabs and Palestinians constitute a large minority of citizens (about 20 percent), yet Arab-Palestinian political parties have never been part of the government, official state symbols contain only the symbols of the Jewish majority group, and the Palestinian narrative of the Jewish-Palestinian conflict is excluded from the curriculum at schools, which exclusively teach the Zionist narrative. Brubaker, Rogers. Nationalism Refrained: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996. After World War II, the Allied victors engaged in large-scale nation-building with considerable success in Germany. The United States, Britain, and France operated sectors that became West Germany. The Soviet Union operated a sector that became East Germany. In Japan, the victors were nominally in charge but in practice, the United States was in full control, again with considerable political, social, and economic impact. [28] NATO [ edit ]

Haiti (1993-1995)

Postnationalism is the process or trend by which nation states and national identities lose their importance relative to supranational and global entities. Several factors contribute to its aspects including economic globalization, a rise in importance of multinational corporations, the internationalization of financial markets, the transfer of socio-political power from national authorities to supranational entities, such as multinational corporations, the United Nations and the European Union and the advent of new information and culture technologies such as the Internet. However attachment to citizenship and national identities often remains important. [44] [45] [46] Leach, Michael (2016). Nation-Building and National Identity in Timor-Leste. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781315311647. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023 . Retrieved 28 May 2022. Several princely states sat on the fence acceding neither to India nor Pakistan till the hour of freedom. Some like Hyderabad, one of the richest states in the heart of India, harboured dreams of complete independence. Pakistan also had an eye on it. If Hyderabad had acceded to Pakistan, a piece of Pakistan would have been within the territory of India. Mylonas, Harris; Tudor, Maya (11 May 2021). " Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know". Annual Review of Political Science. 24 (1): 109–132.